In the aftermath of the Second World War, the Middle East faced serious challenges that brought Egypt and Saudi Arabia—sister nations—into a closer alignment. This rapprochement reached its most vivid expression during the crisis Egypt confronted and the aggression launched against it in 1956. It would be illogical to reduce the failure of that aggression to Egypt’s efforts alone, for in reality it was the product of international circumstances shaped by the dynamics of the Cold War. Within this context, we proposed a hypothesis for study: namely, that the Saudi role had its impact—directly or indirectly—on steering the course of American policy regarding this issue.