The Suez Crisis , also named Tripartite Aggression, was an invasion of Egypt in late 1956 by Israel, followed by Britain and France. The aims were to regain Western control of the Suez Canal and to remove Egyptian president Nasser from power.[] After the fighting had started, the United States, the Soviet Union, and the United Nations got involved diplomatically, forcing Britain, France and Israel to withdraw.
On October 29 Israel invaded the Egyptian Sinai. Within a day, Britain and France issued a joint ultimatum to cease fire and then began to bomb Cairo. Despite the denials of their governments, it became clear that the Israeli invasion and its subsequent Anglo-French attack had been planned beforehand by the three powers.
The three allies initially attained their military objectives, but pressure from the United States and the USSR at the United Nations and elsewhere forced them to withdraw. U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, who was the midst of a re-election campaign (he was to win), especially disapproved of the European action which he had not been informed of. As a result of mounting pressure, Anglo-French forces withdrew by the end of the year. Historians have studied Britain's failure and conclude the crisis "signified the end of Great Britain's role as one of the world's major powers." Israeli forces remained until March 1957, prolonging the crisis; in April 1957, the canal was finally reopened to shipping. Israel fulfilled some of its objectives, such as attaining freedom of navigation through the Straits of Tiran.
As a result of the conflict, the United Nations deployed a blue-helmeted force UNEF to police the Egyptian–Israeli border. British PM Anthony Eden resigned, and USSR invaded Hungary.
On October 29 Israel invaded the Egyptian Sinai. Within a day, Britain and France issued a joint ultimatum to cease fire and then began to bomb Cairo. Despite the denials of their governments, it became clear that the Israeli invasion and its subsequent Anglo-French attack had been planned beforehand by the three powers.
The three allies initially attained their military objectives, but pressure from the United States and the USSR at the United Nations and elsewhere forced them to withdraw. U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, who was the midst of a re-election campaign (he was to win), especially disapproved of the European action which he had not been informed of. As a result of mounting pressure, Anglo-French forces withdrew by the end of the year. Historians have studied Britain's failure and conclude the crisis "signified the end of Great Britain's role as one of the world's major powers." Israeli forces remained until March 1957, prolonging the crisis; in April 1957, the canal was finally reopened to shipping. Israel fulfilled some of its objectives, such as attaining freedom of navigation through the Straits of Tiran.
As a result of the conflict, the United Nations deployed a blue-helmeted force UNEF to police the Egyptian–Israeli border. British PM Anthony Eden resigned, and USSR invaded Hungary.
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